Fixed Asset Type Documentation

Overview

The Fixed Asset Type module (account.fixed.asset.type) defines categories for fixed assets with standardized depreciation settings and account mappings. Asset types ensure consistency when creating assets by providing default depreciation rates, methods, and GL accounts, streamlining asset management and ensuring proper accounting treatment for each asset category.

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Model Information

Model Name: account.fixed.asset.type Display Name: Asset Type Name Field: name Key Fields: code (unique type code) Default Sort Order: Default (by ID)

Features

• ✅ Unique type codes
• ✅ Depreciation rate defaults
• ✅ Depreciation method configuration
• ✅ Account mapping templates
• ✅ Reusable asset categories

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Key Fields Reference

Core Fields

Field	Type	Required	Description
name	Char	✅	Type name (e.g., "Computers", "Vehicles")
code	Char	✅	Unique type code (e.g., "COMP", "VEH")
description	Text	❌	Type description and notes

Depreciation Settings

Field	Type	Description
dep_rate	Decimal	Default depreciation rate (%)
dep_method	Selection	Straight Line or Declining Balance

Depreciation Methods

Value	Description	Use Case
line	Straight-Line	Even depreciation over life
decline	Declining Balance	Accelerated depreciation

Account Mappings

Field	Type	Description
fixed_asset_account_id	Many2One	Fixed asset GL account
accum_dep_account_id	Many2One	Accumulated depreciation account
dep_exp_account_id	Many2One	Depreciation expense account

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API Methods

1. Create Asset Type

Method: create(vals, context)

Creates new asset type with unique code.

Example:

type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Computer Equipment",
    "code": "COMP",
    "dep_rate": 33.33,  # 3-year life
    "dep_method": "line",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": computer_asset_account_id,
    "accum_dep_account_id": accum_dep_computer_id,
    "dep_exp_account_id": dep_exp_computer_id,
    "description": "Desktop computers, laptops, servers"
})

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Common Use Cases

Use Case 1: Standard Asset Types Setup

# Computer Equipment (3-year life, straight-line)
comp_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Computer Equipment",
    "code": "COMP",
    "dep_rate": 33.33,
    "dep_method": "line",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1510,  # Fixed Assets - Computers
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1520,    # Accum. Dep. - Computers
    "dep_exp_account_id": 6200,       # Depreciation Expense
    "description": "Computers, laptops, servers, peripherals"
})

# Vehicles (5-year life, declining balance)
vehicle_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Vehicles",
    "code": "VEH",
    "dep_rate": 30.0,
    "dep_method": "decline",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1530,  # Fixed Assets - Vehicles
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1540,    # Accum. Dep. - Vehicles
    "dep_exp_account_id": 6200,       # Depreciation Expense
    "description": "Cars, trucks, motorcycles"
})

# Furniture (10-year life, straight-line)
furniture_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Furniture & Fixtures",
    "code": "FURN",
    "dep_rate": 10.0,
    "dep_method": "line",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1550,  # Fixed Assets - Furniture
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1560,    # Accum. Dep. - Furniture
    "dep_exp_account_id": 6200,       # Depreciation Expense
    "description": "Office furniture, fixtures, fittings"
})

# Machinery (7-year life, straight-line)
machinery_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Machinery & Equipment",
    "code": "MACH",
    "dep_rate": 14.29,  # 100% / 7 years
    "dep_method": "line",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1570,  # Fixed Assets - Machinery
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1580,    # Accum. Dep. - Machinery
    "dep_exp_account_id": 6200,       # Depreciation Expense
    "description": "Manufacturing equipment, tools"
})

# Buildings (20-year life, straight-line)
building_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Buildings",
    "code": "BLDG",
    "dep_rate": 5.0,
    "dep_method": "line",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1590,  # Fixed Assets - Buildings
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1595,    # Accum. Dep. - Buildings
    "dep_exp_account_id": 6200,       # Depreciation Expense
    "description": "Office buildings, warehouses, factories"
})

print("✓ Standard asset types created")

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Use Case 2: Create Asset Using Type

# Get asset type
comp_type = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").search_browse([
    ["code", "=", "COMP"]
])[0]

# Create asset - type auto-fills settings
asset_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset").create({
    "name": "MacBook Pro 16\"",
    "date_purchase": "2025-01-15",
    "price_purchase": 85000.00,
    "type_id": comp_type.id
    # Auto-filled from type:
    # - dep_rate: 33.33%
    # - dep_method: line
    # - fixed_asset_account_id
    # - accum_dep_account_id
    # - dep_exp_account_id
})

print("✓ Asset created with type defaults")

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Use Case 3: List Asset Types

# Get all asset types
types = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").search_browse([], order="code")

print("ASSET TYPES")
print("=" * 80)
print(f"{'Code':10} {'Name':30} {'Rate':>8} {'Method':15}")
print("-" * 80)

for type in types:
    method = "Straight-Line" if type.dep_method == "line" else "Declining Bal."
    print(f"{type.code:10} {type.name[:30]:30} {type.dep_rate:>7.2f}% {method:15}")

print("=" * 80)

---

Use Case 4: Update Type Settings

# Change depreciation rate for all computers
comp_type = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").search_browse([
    ["code", "=", "COMP"]
])[0]

comp_type.write({
    "dep_rate": 25.0  # Change from 3-year to 4-year life
})

print("✓ Updated computer depreciation to 4-year life")
# Note: Only affects new assets, not existing ones

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Use Case 5: Asset Type with Multiple Variations

# Create specific vehicle types
sedan_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Vehicles - Sedans",
    "code": "VEH-SED",
    "dep_rate": 25.0,  # 4-year life
    "dep_method": "decline",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": vehicle_account_id,
    "accum_dep_account_id": accum_dep_vehicle_id,
    "dep_exp_account_id": dep_exp_id,
    "description": "Passenger sedans for sales staff"
})

truck_type_id = get_model("account.fixed.asset.type").create({
    "name": "Vehicles - Trucks",
    "code": "VEH-TRK",
    "dep_rate": 20.0,  # 5-year life
    "dep_method": "line",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": vehicle_account_id,
    "accum_dep_account_id": accum_dep_vehicle_id,
    "dep_exp_account_id": dep_exp_id,
    "description": "Delivery trucks and work vehicles"
})

print("✓ Created specialized vehicle types")

---

Best Practices

1. Use Meaningful Codes

# Good: Clear, hierarchical codes
"COMP"        # Computer Equipment
"COMP-LAP"    # Laptops
"COMP-SRV"    # Servers
"VEH-CAR"     # Cars
"VEH-TRK"     # Trucks

# Avoid: Cryptic codes
"TYPE1"
"AST-A"
"X123"

---

2. Align with Tax Regulations

# Set rates based on tax depreciation schedules
{
    "name": "Computer Equipment",
    "dep_rate": 33.33,  # Matches tax code for 3-year property
    "dep_method": "line"
}

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3. Separate Accounts by Type

# Good: Dedicated accounts per type
{
    "name": "Computers",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1510,      # Computers
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1520,        # Accum Dep - Computers
}

{
    "name": "Vehicles",
    "fixed_asset_account_id": 1530,      # Vehicles
    "accum_dep_account_id": 1540,        # Accum Dep - Vehicles
}

# Enables separate reporting by asset class

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4. Document Type Usage

{
    "name": "Manufacturing Equipment",
    "code": "MFG-EQ",
    "description": "Production machinery, assembly equipment, " +
                   "testing devices. Does not include hand tools " +
                   "under $5,000 (expense immediately)."
}

---

Common Asset Type Examples

Technology Assets (Fast Depreciation)

{
    "name": "Computer Equipment",
    "dep_rate": 33.33,  # 3 years
    "dep_method": "line"
}

{
    "name": "Software",
    "dep_rate": 33.33,  # 3 years
    "dep_method": "line"
}

---

Office Assets (Medium Depreciation)

{
    "name": "Furniture",
    "dep_rate": 10.0,  # 10 years
    "dep_method": "line"
}

{
    "name": "Office Equipment",
    "dep_rate": 20.0,  # 5 years
    "dep_method": "line"
}

---

Long-Term Assets (Slow Depreciation)

{
    "name": "Buildings",
    "dep_rate": 2.5,  # 40 years
    "dep_method": "line"
}

{
    "name": "Leasehold Improvements",
    "dep_rate": 10.0,  # 10 years or lease term
    "dep_method": "line"
}

---

Accelerated Depreciation

{
    "name": "Vehicles",
    "dep_rate": 30.0,
    "dep_method": "decline"  # Front-loaded depreciation
}

{
    "name": "Manufacturing Equipment",
    "dep_rate": 25.0,
    "dep_method": "decline"
}

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Typical Depreciation Rates by Asset Class

Asset Class	Useful Life	Annual Rate	Method
Land	N/A	0%	Not depreciated
Buildings	20-40 years	2.5-5%	Straight-line
Leasehold Improvements	10-15 years	6.67-10%	Straight-line
Machinery	5-10 years	10-20%	Straight-line or Declining
Vehicles	4-5 years	20-25%	Declining balance
Furniture	7-10 years	10-14.29%	Straight-line
Computer Equipment	3-5 years	20-33.33%	Straight-line
Software	3 years	33.33%	Straight-line
Small Tools	3 years	33.33%	Straight-line

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Database Constraints

Unique Constraint

• code: Asset type code must be unique

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Related Models

Model	Relationship	Description
account.fixed.asset	One2Many	Assets using this type
account.account	Many2One	GL accounts for assets/depreciation

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Version History

Last Updated: 2025-12-16 Model Version: account_fixed_asset_type.py Framework: Netforce

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Additional Resources

• Fixed Asset Documentation: account.fixed.asset
• Account Documentation: account.account

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This documentation is generated for developer onboarding and reference purposes.